一、分类

1．定冠词指的是the, 常常表示的是特指。

　He is the teacher we talked about yesterday。

2．不定冠词是a和an。其中a用于辅音（指的是音而不是字母）开头的词前，an用于元音开头的词。

　An island, a small island, an honest man, a house, a university, 还应注意

　He is a European. I got a one hundred.

3．特指和泛指

  特指 泛指 

表类别 表"一个/一些" 

可数名词单数 The book A book A book 

可名词复数 The books Books Some/any books 

不可数名词 The water Water some/any water 

1．不定冠词表示"一"这个数量的时候，意思和one差不多。但one更侧重"数目"这一概念，如yesterday I 　bought one book, not two. 通常表示重量，长度，时间等词组。

The apples are two yuan a pound.

Give me a cup of tea. Twice a week, eight hours a day...

只可能在可数的单数名词前，不可能出现在不可数名词前。

I have a good idea. I have good news.

2．表示"某一个"。但是仍然翻译成"一个"。

　At that time I was working in a factory.

　A young man wanted to see you.

3. 表示"一类"，或"一类中的某一个"。

　A dictionary is a book.

　Do you have a pen?

　There is a man standing in front of the bank.

　I met a friend of yours yesterday.

4．首次提到的人或事物而且听者并不知道指的是哪一个的时候，前面必须用不定冠词；再次提到此人或此物时，由于听者已知知道指的是何人或何物时，必须用定冠词。

　Yesterday I saw a dog. The dog was running after a cat. The cat ran into a hole. The hole was very small.

　There was a king. The king had a man. The man could make gold out of stone.

　Do you want to hear a story about an American, a German and a Polish.

5．首次提到的复数名词或不可数名词，不用任何冠词。再提到时必须用定冠词。

　He will give you information about hotels.

　This house is made of wood.

6．首次提到的名词双方都知道其为何物的时候应用定冠词。

　Open the door please.

　We will go to the market to buy some CDs.

　The earth moves round the sun once a year.

　当表示世界上独一无二的东西时，sun, moon, earth, world, air, stars (星系)，应加上the.

7．定冠词加形容词表示一类。比如the poor/rich/deaf/blind/dead...谓语动词用复数。如：

　The rich are not always happy

8．当有形容词或从句来进行修饰的名词通常用定冠词。

　Most of the books on the table are novels.

　He is the doctor whom I told you of yesterday.

　This is the city in which I live.

　I live in a city far away from here. (听者不知道)。

　You can ask the woman in front of you.

　I saw a woman looking like your mother. (听者不知道是谁)

9．指人体的某个部位有两个表达方法。

　The ball hit his eye. = The ball hit him i