Discovering Useful Structures

名词短语、形容词短语及副词短语的句法功能

写出下列加黑短语的类型及其在句中所作的成分

1．(教材P14)The first week was a little confusing.

名词短语；作主语

2．(教材P14)I know that Chinese is a very difficult language.名词短语；作表语

3．(教材P14)I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn't play well enough.

名词短语；作宾语

4．(教材P16)The building is so big that I'm completely lost.

The building：名词短语；作主语

so big：形容词短语；作表语

5．(教材P18)I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible.副词短语；作状语

考点一　名词短语(Noun Phrases)

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名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词，可作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。常见名词短语的构成形式有：

限定词＋名词the girl

限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词a beautiful girl

限定词＋名词＋介词短语a beautiful campus of my school　

限定词＋描述性名词＋名词my school life

◆The young lady over there is my English teacher.

那边的那位年轻女士是我的英语老师。

(名词短语the young lady的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，该短语在句中作主语)

◆As a student, you must finish your homework on time.

作为一名学生，你必须按时完成作业。

(名词短语your homework 的构成形式为：限定词＋名词，该短语在句中作宾语)

◆I have three close friends.

我有三个要好的朋友。

(名词短语three close friends的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，该短语在句中作宾语)

◆He is my best friend.

他是我最好的朋友。

(名词短语my best friend的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，该短语在句中作表语)

◆There are some red roses on that small table.

在那张小餐桌上有一些红玫瑰。

(名词短语some red roses的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，该短语在句中作主语； that small table也是名词短语，其构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，在句中作介词on的宾语)

--写出下列句中的名词短语的构成形式及其在句中所作的成分

例：In my opinion, dancing is an exciting art form.

限定词＋形容词＋名词＋名词；作表语

(1)The red clothes with five yellow stars are mine.

限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语；作主语

(2)They made him chairman of the meeting.

名词＋介词短语；作宾语补足语

(3)Miss Li, our math teacher, is very young.

限定词＋名词＋名词；作同位语

(4)The first young man is a bus driver.

The first young man：

限定词＋序数词＋形容词＋名词；作主语

a bus driver：限定词＋名词＋名词；作表语

考点二　形容词短语(Adjective Phrases)

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形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。常见形容词短语的构成形式有：

副词＋形容词very suitable

形容词＋enoughgood enough

形容词＋介词短语good for nothing

副词＋形容词＋介词短语well worthy of praise

◆I'm very glad to see you.

见到你我很高兴。(副词＋形容词，该短语在句中作表语)　

◆Your room is large and beautiful.

你的房间大且美丽。 (形容词＋and/but＋形容词，该短语在句中作表语)

◆The most beautiful tourist attraction