高考英语独立主格结构讲练与链接

独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词（副）词、或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。该结构不是句子，也不是从句，所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化，它与其主句之间既不能通过并列连词连接也不能有从句引导词引导，常用逗号与其主句隔开。独立主格结构在很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或其他状语形式，但很多时候不能转化为分词形式，因为它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。在做这类题目时一定要小心判断，不能粗心大意。

一、独立主格结构的构成形式

1、逻辑主语+V-ing

这种构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作执行者，分词表示的动作不是整句主语发出的动作，而是其逻辑主语发出的动作。如：

(1). Such being the case, I couldn't help but support him.

(2). Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper following it closely.

(3). Weather permitting, they decided to go for an outing.

(4). There being no buses, we had to walk home after work yesterday.

(5). The thief fell to the ground, his left foot broken and blood running down from his mouth.

(6). Time permitting, we could have done it better.

(7). It being noisy, she couldn't make herself heard clearly.

(8). It being too late, he couldn't find himself any taxis.

(9). It being fine, we will go climbing.

(10). The Green's has been broken into three times, each resulting in their great loss.

(11)The thieves ran away separately, each carrying a bag.

1. __________no bus, we had to walk home.

A. There being        B. Being           C. Having been     D. There was

2. _______no bus, we had to walk home.

A. As there being      B. As there was     C. Being           D. There was

3. _______Sunday, the library doesn't open. 

A. Being            B. There being       C. It being         D. Having been

4. ______Sunday, the library doesn't open.

A. As it being          B. Being            C. It is            D. As it is

2、逻辑主语+V-ed

  该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。如：

(1). His eyes still fixed on the map, he did some serious thinking.

(2). The boy stood at the table, his eyes fixed on the food in the plate.

(3). The job finished, we went home straight away. 

(4). The sum added, we will have enough money for the trip.

(5). The actress looked pure and fresh, dressed in a white shirt and army trousers, her hair done up in pigtails.

1. _________, the train starteD. 

A. The signal given  B. Giving the signal  C. The signal being given  D. The signal giving

2. __________, the train starteD. 

A. After having given the signal  B. After the signal given  C. Giving the signal  D. After the signal was given

3. _________, the text became easier for us to learn. 

A. Explaining new words       B. New words explained 

C. Being explained new words   D. Having explained new words

4. ______________, the text became easier for us to learn.

A. When new words were explained     B. Explaining new words 

C. New words explaining              D. Being explained new words

3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词）

该结构相当于一个未带动词的"主-系-表"结构。如：

(1).  He entered the room, his nose red with colD. 

(2). He sat in the front row,his mouth half open.

(3). Dinner over, we decided to play bridge.

(4). Father away, he played games with his friends.

1. ___________, the patient can leave the hospital.

A. Better conditions      B. Conditions better   C. Conditions are better     D. Being better conditions

2. _________, the patient can leave the hospital.

A. If better conditions     B. If conditions better  C. If conditions are better    D. Being better conditions

3. ________, we'd like to go outing.

A. Being Sunday    B. Sunday OK    C. Sunday is OK   D. If Sunday OK

4. ___________, we'd like to go outing.

A. If Sunday is OK    B. Sunday being OK    C. Sunday OK    D. A,B and C

5. _________, you can wait a while.

A. The play being still on   B. The play still on   C Being still on the play   D. A and B

6. _________, so you can wait a while

A. The play is still on            B. The play being still on 

C. As the play is still on          D. The play still on

4、逻辑主语+介词短语

 该结构相当于不带动词的"主-系-介词短语"结构。如：

(1). ---Can I help you?  

 ---I'd like to buy a presend for my father's birthday, one at a proper price but of great value.

(2). In half an hour Delia came, her right hand in bandage.

(3). Book in hand, Mr Smith came in.

(4). Gun on shoulder, the soldiers are marching on.

1. The boy followed the nobleman here, ___________.

A. a sword in hand                B. a sword in his hand  

C. being a sword in hand           D. sword in hand

2. The boy followed the nobleman here ___________.

A. with a sword in his hand              B. with a sword in hand  

C. with a sword being in hand            D. a sword being in hand

3. He left the office, __________.

A. tears being in eyes             B. tears in eyes   

C. being tears in eyes             D. with tears being in eyes

4. He left the office __________.

A. with tears being in eyes           B. with tears in his eyes  

C. being tears in eyes               D. tears being in eyes

5、逻辑主语+名词

(1). A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 

Cambodians, most of them ( being ) women. 独立主格结构

, and most of them are women. 并列句

; most of them are women. 并列句

, most of whom are women. 定语从句

(2). The doctor has two daughters, one a nurse, the other an engineer.

二、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分：

1、原因状语

该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个原因状语从句。如：

1). ________ no bus, we had to walk home.

A. There being    B. As t